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Exam objective 1.114.3 has a weight of 1, and verifies that candidates are able to configure user level security. Tasks include limits on user log-ins, processes and memory usage. You can set a disk quota for each machine by user and by group. There are two versions of the quota software. Version 1 is for use with kernel versions 2.2 and earlier. Version 2 is the one you will more than likely use. It's for kernels starting with version 2.4. When you read the documentation, the MAN pages and such, you'll see the documentation for both of them. They're very similar so there's no problem except with some of the particulars. Quotas are set for specific file systems and the file systems are all listed in FStab so that's where you turn on quota checking. This is the option setting or user quotas and this is how you enable options for group quota settings. Of course you can set-up a file system for both. The next step then is to create files to hold the quota information. Which you do with the touch command. You will need one of these files in the route directory of each files systems having a quota and you'll need one for user and one for groups depending on the type of quotas you've enabled. Now these files must be owned by root. Now when you want to remount the disk drives you should find the quota information from FS tab in the file ETC Mtab. If Mtab holds the list of mounted file systems with quotas, you're ready to go. You've got some tools you can use to set and monitor quotas. The set quota command will set quotas, ed quota is used to edit the quotas for either users or roots. Quota on and quota off turn the quota systems on and off for specific file systems. The quota command displays disk usage and the limits that are set. Quota check scans a file system for disk usage and updates or repairs the quota calculations. Rep quota will report on the quotas for specific file systems. The user mod command can be used to modify several things about a user. The things that can be changed are those found in these files. You can change the password, user name, expiration date, group, log in name, shell and so on. U limit is a built in show command that can be used to set hard and soft limits. This is a list of the current limits for this user and you can see the sort of things that can be set, whether a setting is a hard limit or a soft limit is determined by the option you use when you set it. A soft limit can be changed at any time. A hard limit, once set, cannot be increased. By setting such limits on a system wide basis you can be assured that resources are evenly shared. Set some quotas, use one of your disk drives and set the quotas low enough that you can easily hit the limit. Then see what happens when you try to go over the quota. Set the soft limit on something you can easily exceed and notice what happens when you try to exceed it.