Implementing Cisco IP Routing (642-902 ROUTE) Tutorials
IPv6 / Overview of IPv6
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Subtitles of the Movie (Implementing Cisco IP Routing (642-902 ROUTE) / IPv6 / Overview of IPv6)
We're going to discuss IPv6 and we're going to give a brief overview of the protocol, how it works, how the addressing looks. It's scary if you've never really looked at it before and then we'll put this in a lab like we always do and we'll see that IPv4 and IPv6 works pretty much the same. We'll set it up to where we can Ping back and forth, show you how the protocols work and then we're going to set up a basic routing protocol, we're going to set up RIP Next Generation. So IPv6 is the routing protocol of the future. The reason why it has to be the routing protocol of the future is that IPv4 address exhaustion, depending on who you talk to, it's already upon us or it will happen very, very soon or the Internet is full as I've seen some people say. And one of the big reasons for this is the explosive growth of the Internet just over the past few years. I mean, think about your modern house. Let's look at my house for example, not counting the technology that I have here in my Routing and Switching Lab, over in the main house I have a DVR and it has an IP Address. I have a laptop, my kids both have hand held consoles that use WiFi, we're going to get them both a laptop for Christmas. I have a PC, a Firewall, a Network Printer. I have an iPod and a Smart Phone, I've got probably 20 or 30 devices just in a family of four that use an IP address. And while Nadding and Address Overload can get you so far, really at the very base of it, if we keep going the way we're going, we will have to switch IP Protocols and IPv6 is the only way that we're going to combat IP address exhaustion. Just as a comparison, there's just over 4 billion IPv4 address available, you can do the basic math and realize that's it a 32-bit number and you can tell how many individual numbers there are in a 32-bit number. By comparison IPv6 has that many IP addresses and I don't really even know how to say that number, I've been told it's 340 undecillion, I'm pretty sure there's some math nerds in the audience that could set me straight on that if I'm wrong. But basically there's enough IPv6 addresses to give every atom of the Earth's crust it's own IP address and still have enough left over for like 100 more Earths. People have spent a lot of time putting this in terms that people can understand because you look at that big number and you go well, that's just, just huge, what is that, the National Debt? And people just can't really conceptualize a number that large but when you put into terms like that, you know, you can have 100 IP addresses per square meter of the earth or something like that then you can see that IPv6 address exhaustion really won't be a problem. I like the Wikipedia phrases it when you look up IPv6 on Wikipedia, it says it's enough addresses for the foreseeable future. So if we can drag enough people along and get IPv6 in wided option then our IP address exhaustion issues just kind of solve themselves. With that many IP address available I don't see, in the foreseeable future, you using that many IP addresses. Of course I'm sure people said the same thing about having 4 billion IP addresses, 4 billion IP addresses, that's like an IP address for nearly every person in the world. Who could use more than that? Not realizing that, you know, Smart Phones and cars and refrigerators and everything else is going to have an IP address in the near future. Now even though IPv6 is new and strange and exciting, most of the same services still work on IPv6 that work on IPv4. Obviously you have DNS and DHCP, although DHCP works very differently with IPv6 and we'll get kind of a glimpse into that when we look in the lab here in a little bit. Two of the nice things about IPv6 is that number one it eliminates the need for NAT or Port Address Translation. Quite honestly, if you've got 340 undecillion IP addresses why would you need to NAT IP address out to the Internet and you say that to a lot of network engineers and you know, they just look at you, you know, with this look of terror in their eyes. It's like well what I'm going to do for Network Security, I mean, NAT for better or worse, is, is a good tool in a network engineers arsenal to ensure that the IP addresses that are out there on the Internet can't touch your machines that are inside your network. If they're behind a Natted Firewall, then unless you specifically map that traffic through that NAT they're not going to be able to touch the machines inside your network and to be honest, I was that way for awhile. People mentioned IPv6 to me and I'm like well, why would I want my machine to have a, an address that's globally addressable to the Internet and then it just kind of dawned on me, well, what's to stop me from just setting up a Firewall Rule that says, all the traffic from the Internet just doesn't pass this Firewall unless I specifically Map it. Well, there you go, problem solved. It's no worse than setting up a DMZ for a Web Server Farm or setting up a NAT for a Web Server or a Mail Server or anything like that. Another nice thing about IPv6 is that the IPsec service is integrated into the IPv6 Standard meaning that you no longer have to bolt on the bits and bobs for IPv6 like IKE and all of the other Attendant Protocols that make tunnels work. It's built into the protocol. you just kind of turn it on and set your security up on both ends and it's done. You don't have fifteen different implementations of IKE and IPsec and this version of Linux can't talk to this version Open BSD that can't talk to this version of Juniper that can't talk to that version of Cisco and on and on and on. People make a lot of money dealing with that and unfortunately I'm not one of them. So as you can see the people that put IPv6 together obviously much smarter than you or I looked at the common usage for IPv4 and said you know, let's do away with some of this so that we can make the protocol less complex and less needy and therefore make it easier to work. Another advantage of IPv6 is Simplified Packet Processing on your routers. For example, here is a typical IPv4 Packet and you'll see you've got all kinds of things. You got the Version, the Type of Service, the Link, the Flags, the header checks them, if you've gone through a basic networking class, you've gone over this graphic at some point. IPv6 much simpler header. Version, Traffic, Class, Payload Length, Source Address, Destination Address, that's pretty much it. Fewer fields means less overhead on your router, means less chance that someone's going to get in there and monkey around with the packets and make your routers do weird things and on and on and on. It just is a good protocol all the way around. We'll continue with IPv6 addressing in the next video.
Tutorial Information
| Course: | Implementing Cisco IP Routing (642-902 ROUTE) |
| Author: | Greg Dickinson |
| SKU: | 34291 |
| ISBN: | 978-1-61866-028-2 |
| Release Date: | 2011-12-28 |
| Duration: | 10 hrs / 105 lessons |
| Work Files: |
Yes |
| Captions: | No |
| Compatibility: |
Vista/XP/2000, OS X, Linux QuickTime 7, Flash 8 |
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